Sesquiterpenes
Beta-Caryophyllene – Terpene Profile
Characterized by its spicy and peppery odor. This sesquiterpene is most commonly found in cloves, black pepper, basil, oregano and cannabis. There are 3 isomers (α-, β-, and γ-caryophyllene) in nature, however β-Caryophyllene is the most frequently encountered and most abundant of the isomers. In addition, as an outstanding feature, β-Caryophyllene is suggested to bind with CB2 receptors and activate the endocannabinoid system. β-Caryophyllene dose not produce a psychoactive effect.
Found in
Black Pepper
Boiling Point
130℃
266℉
Medicinal qualities:
In vivo
Anti-anxiety
β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 receptor agonist produces multiple behavioral changes relevant to anxiety and depression in mice.
Bahi, A., Al Mansouri, S., Al Memari, E., Al Ameri, M., Nurulain, S. M., & Ojha, S. (2014)
The anxiolytic-like effect of an essential oil derived from Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. leaves and its major component, β-caryophyllene, in male mice.
Galdino, P. M., Nascimento, M. V., Florentino, I. F., Lino, R. C., Fajemiroye, J. O., Chaibub, B. A., de Paula, J. R., de Lima, T. C., & Costa, E. A. (2012)
β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 receptor agonist produces multiple behavioral changes relevant to anxiety and depression in mice.
Bahi A1, Al Mansouri S, Al Memari E, Al Ameri M, Nurulain SM, Ojha S.(2014)
Anti-Cancer
Beta caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide, isolated from Aegle marmelos, as the potent anti-inflammatory agents against lymphoma and neuroblastoma cells.
Sain S, Naoghare PK, Devi SS, Daiwile A, Krishnamurthi K, Arrigo P, Chakrabarti T(2014)
β-Caryophyllene, a Compound Isolated from the Biblical Balm of Gilead (Commiphora gileadensis), Is a Selective Apoptosis Inducer for Tumor Cell Lines.
Amiel E1, Ofir R, Dudai N, Soloway E, Rabinsky T, Rachmilevitch S.(2012)
Antimicrobial activity of terpenoids from Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. against cariogenic bacteria.
Souza AB, Martins CH, Souza MG, Furtado NA, Heleno VC, de Sousa JP, Rocha EM, Bastos JK, Cunha WR, Veneziani RC, Ambrósio SR.(2011)
Potentiating effect of beta-caryophyllene on anticancer activity of alpha-humulene, isocaryophyllene and paclitaxel.
Legault J1, Pichette A.(2007)
β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties.
Fidyt K, Fiedorowicz A, Strządała L, Szumny A. (2016)
Anti-inflammatory
Investigation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of β-Caryophyllene.
Bakır, B., Him, A., Özbek, H., Düz, E., & Tütüncü, M. (2008)
β-Caryophyllene, the major constituent of copaiba oil, reduces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in arthritic rats.
Ames-Sibin, A. P., Barizão, C. L., Castro-Ghizoni, C. V., Silva, F. M. S., Sá-Nakanishi, A. B., Bracht, L., Bersani-Amado, C. A., & Marçal-Natali, M. R. (2018)
Anti-inflammatory effects of compounds alpha-humulene and (-)-trans-caryophyllene isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea.
Fernandes, E. S., Passos, G. F., Medeiros, R., da Cunha, F. M., Ferreira, J., Campos, M. M., Pianowski, L. F., & Calixto, J. B. (2007)
Amelioration of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by oral administration of beta-caryophyllene, a sesquiterpene.
Cho, J. Y., Chang, H. J., Lee, S. K., Kim, H. J., Hwang, J. K., & Chun, H. S. (2007)
Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Antibiotic, and Cytotoxic Activities of Tanacetum vulgare L. Essential Oil and Its Constituents
Héloïse Coté, Marie-Anne Boucher, André Pichette, and Jean Legault(2017)
Prevent Alzheimer's Disease
PPARgamma agonists as therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Landreth G1, Jiang Q, Mandrekar S, Heneka M.(2008)
In vivo
Prevent Diabetes
β-Caryophyllene, a natural sesquiterpene, modulates carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Basha RH, Sankaranarayanan C.(2014)
Antinociception
Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception
Katsuyama, S., Mizoguchi, H., Kuwahata, H., Komatsu, T., Nagaoka, K., Nakamura, H., Bagetta, G., Sakurada, T., & Sakurada, S. (2013)
In vivo
Increase Longevity And Mitochondrial Function
Activation of type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB2R) promotes fatty acid oxidation through the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.
Zheng X, Sun T, Wang X. (2013)
β-caryophyllene, a dietary cannabinoid, complexed with β-cyclodextrin produced anti-hyperalgesic effect involving the inhibition of Fos expression in superficial dorsal horn.
Quintans-Júnior LJ1, Araújo AA, Brito RG, Santos PL, Quintans JS, Menezes PP2, Serafini MR, Silva GF, Carvalho FM, Brogden NK, Sluka KA. (2016)
Local anaesthetic activity of beta-caryophyllene.
Ghelardini C1, Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, Bartolini A. (2001)
In vivo
Protects Kidney
Amiel E1, Ofir R, Dudai N, Soloway E, Rabinsky T, Rachmilevitch S.β-Caryophyllene ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a cannabinoid 2 receptor-dependent manner.
Horváth B1, Mukhopadhyay P, Kechrid M, Patel V, Tanchian G, Wink DA, Gertsch J, Pacher P.(2012)
In vivo
Relieves Pain
Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception.
Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H, Komatsu T, Nagaoka K, Nakamura H, Bagetta G, Sakurada T, Sakurada S.(2013)
In vitro
Antispasmodic - Ileum
Antispasmodic effects of essential oil of Pterodon polygalaeflorus and its main constituent β-caryophyllene on rat isolated ileum.
Leonhardt, V., Leal-Cardoso, J. H., Lahlou, S., Albuquerque, A. A., Porto, R. S., Celedônio, N. R., Oliveira, A. C., Pereira, R. F., Silva, L. P., Garcia-Teófilo, T. M., Silva, A. P., Magalhães, P. J., Duarte, G. P., & Coelho-de-Souza, A. N. (2010)
Skin Repair
Synergistic interaction of β-caryophyllene with aromadendrene oxide 2 and phytol induces apoptosis on skin epidermoid cancer cells.
Pavithra PS, Mehta A, Verma RS. (2018)
Skin Absorption
Determination of β-caryophyllene skin permeation/retention from crude copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga Hayne) and respective oil-based nanoemulsion using a novel HS-GC/MS method.
Lucca LG, de Matos SP, Borille BT, de O Dias D, Teixeira HF, Veiga VF Jr, Limberger RP, Koester LS. (2015)
High β-Caryophyllene strain-specific terpene formulations:
50ml / 1.7oz$25800
250ml / 8.4oz$1,07300
While it proves to be a challenge for cultivation, this phenotype is considered to be one of the fullest and most desired aromatic profiles on the planet.
50ml / 1.7oz$20000
250ml / 8.4oz$83200